Article Type : Research Article
Authors : Azizah Zuhriyah N and Purnama Sari A
Keywords : Protection law; Termination connection work; Company and employees
Research objectives this is for explain
about how to do protection law on employees who are laid off after decision
court powerful law fixed. The research method used is with approach juridical
normative that drips focus on legal processes that do not in accordance with
theories law, doctrine law. Literature study used for study decision powerful
court law fixed. Research results show that protection law to employees who
have restored with decision court not yet could held completely, because in
implementation depends on the company that obeys the decision court. However in
reality company not yet there is awareness for doing decision the court that
has have strength law fixed.
Labour is asset
important for something organization or company because without employee
organization as big as whatever, it's hard for success. Labour or employee in
doing work set in Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning employment. As for the nature
is private / civil who owns connection between individuals starting with
agreement work among businessman with workers. But the tone of nature the
public is also existence law labour like penalty criminal, sanction
administrative and regional minimum wages [1]. In reality on the ground often
occur disconnection connection work this thing caused by because existence
demands from party labourer / worker for fight for right the normative tail
Termination Connection Work (PHK). Because of that conditions that occur moment
this is still many among workers who do not brave demand rights they though not
yet in accordance with existing rules because reason classic afraid to do
Termination Connection Work [2]. Though agreement work has bind the parties
however implementation often walk no like what to expect for example problem
time work, problem wages and so on even cause dispute connection work over with
disconnection connection work. " Two " different view Among
entrepreneurs and workers where one side worker want to get light work with
lots of income entrepreneur on the other hand want to give wages little and
hope high productivity and gain maximum profit [3]. There are rules legislation
addressed for control good for giver worker as well as given work, respectively
must controlled and subdued yourself in everything applicable rules and
regulations. Where each party is must could responsible in doing their
respective activities duties and authorities so that compatibility and harmony
will always realize [4]. Solution arranged disputes in Law no. 2 of 2004
concerning Solution Dispute Good Industrial Relations through Bipartite
Mediation or Conciliation or Arbitration even through Court Industrial
Relations felt not yet enough for give protection law to workers. Amount
decision institution solution disagreements that don't siding to workers, for
example just decision employ return worker in accordance with position and
position beginning if worker conducted Termination Connection Work one-sided.
Because of that already it's time government for thinking how for create system
good industrial relations, which is not only must fair inside solution dispute
employment will but also sensitive to problems employment future that can
profitable all party.
Protection law
Protection law
becomes something important because it must elements is inside a country and
not except in Thing protection law to workers. In life patriotic already
certain happening something connection good among fellow citizens and between
countries and inhabitant his country. Connection this is later could cause
rights and obligations, protection law is Becomes right citizen and give
protection law is Becomes state obligations. In theory protection law mentioned
that interest man divided into 3 (three) interests that is interests public,
interests’ society, and individual interests [5]. Interest the most important
general “includes” the interests of the state as a legal entity in maintain
personality and substance cover the interests of the state as Security interest
society. Interest Public that is interest safety public, interests’ institution
social, interests Public to moral damage, interests Public to maintenance
source social, interests Public to progress public and interests’ life man
individually. Temporary interest individual among other things, interests’
personality for example like freedom put forward opinion, interest connection
house ladder like protection marriage and interests’ substance like
independence industry and contracts. Main goal law that is create arrangement
orderly society, making _ order and balance. With achievement order inside _
Public expected interest man will protected. In achieving goal that law on duty
share rights and obligations between individual inside community, share
authority and regulate method solve problem law as well as maintain certainty
law [6]. Ability for ensure policies, rules, decisions made obeyed as existence
strength social. In the Pacta Sunt Servanda theory, a contract that binds the
parties tie it up same with strength Laws made parliament but pacta sunt
servanda apply just as a theory base it means when realized in practice so
required various interpretation and adjustment [7].
Dispute is situation
where two or more party who fights destination each of them who do not could
united and each party try convincing other parties regarding truth each of
these goals [8]. Article 1 Number 16 of Law no. 13 of 2003 states that
something system relationship formed _ between the actors of the production
process goods and services based on the values of Pancasila and the 1945
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Disputes industrial relations is
difference opinion so that result in contradiction Among businessman with
worker or union worker related with rights, disputes interests, disputes
disconnection connection work and disputes Among union worker in one company.
Article 1 Number 2 of Law no. 2 of 2004 states that dispute right is the
resulting dispute because no fulfilment rights, consequences existence
difference implementation or difference interpretation provision regulation
legislation, agreement work, rules company, or agreement work together. Article
1 Number 4 of Law no. 2 of 2004 states that dispute disconnection connection
work is disputes that arise because no existence suitability opinion about
ending connection work done by one party. Negotiations dispute among workers
and entrepreneurs named bipartite [9]. Besides _ there is also mediation
industrial relations, namely solution dispute rights, interests and termination
connection work conducted with deliberations mediated by an independent
mediator. Solution disputes can also conducted with arbitration whose decision
binding and final. Temporary there is again through court where industrial
relations inspection dispute implemented in court industrial relations [10-13].
Design from study this use approach juridical
normative based secondary data in the form of a legal process that does not
match with theories law, doctrine law, what to expect that the legal process
based in provision The law in force in Indonesia (Das Solen), but in reality,
no in accordance with hope (Das Saint). Literature study was also carried out
for strengthening the decision database powerful court law fixed. Source
primary and secondary law used as a database in to do by normative qualitative.
Literature study with strengthening the decision database powerful court law
fixed. Source ingredient primary and secondary law used as a database in to do
analysis by normative qualitative.
In Article 1 Number 25 of Law no. 13 of 2003
determines that disconnection connection work must made effort or action last
by all party moment occur dispute industrial relations within connection
employment. Termination Connection Work (PHK) for the sake of the law only
could occur because reason limit time agreed work has finished or if worker
died as based on Article 61 Paragraph 1
of Law Number 13 Year 2003 that agreement work end if worker died; ending
period time agreement work; existence decision court and/ or decision or
determination institution solution dispute industrial relations that have
strength law fixed ; existence state specified in the agreement work , rules
company or agreement work together (PKB)
which can cause ending connection work. Party worker entitled for decide
connection work with party entrepreneurs, because in principle worker no can
forced to for Keep going work when worker no want it. Resigned workers self
must Fulfil condition with submit application resignation self by written no
later than 30 days before date start resignation self; no bound in bond
official and permanent doing obligation until date start resignation self. In
Article 163 to Article 165 of the Law Number 13 of 2003 determines that reason
n businessman can To do Termination Connection Work to worker / labourer is
that layoffs are wrong because company closed consequence experience loss
continuously accompanied with proof finances that have been audited by
accountant public for at least 2 ( two ) years last, or state force; Mass
layoffs company closed because with reason company To do efficiency; Layoffs
because of status change or change ownership company part or whole or company
move location with terms work same new _ with terms old work and workers no
ready To do connection work; Layoffs because of status change or change
ownership part or whole or company move location with businessman no ready
accept worker in the company with reason whatever . As for the other reasons
where businessman could to do Termination Connection Work because existence
error from worker that alone, fine that error light nor error weight carried
workers inside operate his obligations as workers. As for the error lightly
done worker / labourer as arranged _ in Constitution No. 13 of 2003 and
Kepmenaker No. Kep-150/Men/2000, but set in Article 18 paragraph (1) Permenaker
No. Per-4/men/1986, namely: After 3
(three) times in a row worker permanent reject for obey order or decent
assignment _ as listed in agreement work, deal work together (PKB/KKB) or
regulation companies that have agreed. With on purpose or because negligent
result in herself in state so, so no could operate given job to him. Not
speaking to do profession although already try in the field existing task. Violate provisions that have been set in _
deal work together, Rules Company, or agreement work. As for the error weight carried workers / labourers , who can made reason
businessman could To do disconnection connection work on workers as arranged in
Article 158 Paragraph (1) of Law no. 13 of 2003 is Fraud, theft and
embezzlement property / money businessman or owned by friend worker or owned by
friend entrepreneur ; give description fake and/ or faked so that harmful
company or the interests of the State; drunk , drinking intoxicating hard ,
solid , wear drug dope or abuse drugs
forbidden or stimulant other prohibited by regulations legislation invitation on the spot work and
in designated places company ; To do deed immoral to do gambling on the spot
work ; attack persecute , threaten ,
intimidate businessman or friend work in the neighbourhood work ; persuade
businessman or friend worker for To do contradictory actions with regulation applicable and laws
regulations ; with careless on purpose destroy , harm or let in state danger
goods owned by company that generates loss for company; with careless on
purpose damage, harm, or let friend worker or businessman in state danger in
place work ; disassemble or leak confidential company that should kept secret
except for the interests of the State; To do deed others in the neighbourhood
threatened company criminal imprisonment
of 5 (five) years or more. Termination Connection Work done with reason error heavy
must truly pay attention to the Circular of the Minister of Manpower and
Transmigration Republic of Indonesia No. SE-13/MEN/SJ-HK/I/2005 concerning
decision Court Constitution (MK) on the judicial review of the Manpower Law
against the 1945 Constitution. The Court Constitution state that Constitution
Number 13 of 2003 Article 158; Chapter 159; Article 160 Paragraph (1) as long
as know child the sentence " no " on complaint entrepreneur”; Article
170 throughout know child the sentence “... Article 158 Paragraph (1) ….”
Article 171 throughout concerning child the sentence “…. Article 158 Paragraph
(1) ….” Article 186 throughout know child the sentence “…. Article 137 and
Article 138 Paragraph (1)….” Then no have strength law bind. Related Thing it
is in item 1 then Articles Constitution Number 13 of 2003 concerning declared
employment no have strength law binding, considered no once yes and no could
use again as base or reference in solution industrial relations. Solution case
Termination Connection Work because worker To do error heavy so entrepreneurs
who will To do Termination Connection Work with reason worker / labourer To do
error heavy next dispute Termination Connection Work could conducted after
there is the decision of the criminal judge who has have strength law fixed .
If worker detained the authorities and workers / labourers no could doing
profession as should be so apply provision Article 160 of the Law Number 13 of
2003 concerning Employment? In terms of there is a “reason " urgent” which
resulted in no allow connection work continue, then businessman could go
through effort solution through institution Solution Dispute Industrial
Relations. Layoffs because of decision court industrial relations or including
the decision issued district court because case criminal. Businessman could To
do disconnection connection work through district court with reason worker has
To do error weight as regulated in Article 158 Paragraph 1 of the Law Number 13
of 2003. As for the error in question based on provision in Article 158
Paragraph (2) of the Law Number 13 of 2003 which must be supported with proof
among others: Workers / labourers caught hand; There is a confession from the
worker / labourer concerned; Another proof is in the form of report incident made
_ party authorized in the company concerned and supported at least two
witnesses. Since Court the Constitution (MK) has state Article 158 of the Law
Number 13 of 2003 is considered unconstitutional so based on decision Court
Constitution Republic of Indonesia Case Number: 012/PUUI/2003 on October 28,
2004, then businessman no again could direct to do Termination Connection Work
to worker if only there is guess worker to do error heavy. Based on principle
presumption no guilty businessman new could to do disconnection connection work
if worker has proven to do error heavy including act criminal, with issued
decision district court that has have strength law fixed. Related Legal
Protection Occur Termination Connection Employment (PHK) unilaterally by
Employers. Basically, position among businessman with worker is same in
accordance with provision Article 5 and Article 6 of Law No. 13 of 2003.
Article 5 states that every power work have same opportunity _ without
discrimination for get job. Article 6 states that worker / labourer entitled
get same treatment without discrimination from entrepreneur. But in practice
connection among businessman with worker no only reviewed by juridical but also
reviewed from social economical. Socio economically here position among
entrepreneurs and workers Becomes no the same, especially for workers who have
minimal Skills so that need get attention. Position workers and employers or
among entrepreneurs and workers different with position like among sellers and
buyers. Sellers and buyers have position as well as same freedom for determine
there is or whether or not agreement. Position among businessman with worker is
no same. By juridical position labourer is free, but by social economical
position labourer is no free. Protection law in disconnection connection
important work is concerning worker status truth in connection work and truth
reason in occur disconnection connection work. Reason used for drop
disconnection connection work shared to in two group that is excuses that are allowed
and reasons that are not allowed for drop disconnection connection work.
Businessman new can to do disconnection connection work when worker to do error
light or error the weight that has been set in Article 163 to Article 165 of
Law no. 13 of 2003. The mechanisms and procedures is as arranged Article 156
Paragraph 2, Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 of Law no. 13 Year 2003 about rights
normative worker because consequence disconnection connection work which
includes severance pay, money long service award or service fee, change money
make a loss housing and medical treatment, and severance pay. Businessman only
could to do disconnection connection work if worker has proven to do error
heavy including act criminal, after issued decision the court that has have
strength law fixed and binding. Reasons not allowed to businessman for to do
disconnection connection work that is related with disconnection connection
work done by unilateral outside Article 163 to Article 165 of Law no. 13 Year
2003. As for what is included to in disconnection connection work unilateral
among others businessman no mention reason disconnection connection work (PHK),
reasons disconnection connection the job looking for or the reason fake, result
stop that loss worker more heavy than profit stop for entrepreneurs and workers
dismissed contrary with provision in Constitution or habit, and not there is
reason important for no fulfil provision that. In Law no. 2 of 2004 concerning
Solution Dispute Industrial Relations, efforts law that can conducted in case
disconnection connection work by unilateral could conducted by Bipartite,
Mediation / Conciliation / Arbitration, up to Court Industrial Relations. Even
no seldom from so much many case disconnection connection work by unilaterally
carried out by entrepreneurs disconnected null and void for the sake of the law
and the entrepreneur Required hiring return workers in positions and places
work back by Court Industrial Relations. But inside implementation occur
difficulty in application decision if the businessman no operate decision Court
Industrial Relations. Decision to do deed law inside case Termination
Connection Work unilateral like hiring return workers in positions and places
work beginning difficult for conducted execution if businessman no with volunteer
doing Amar decision that. In Article 57 of Law no. 2 of 2004 explained that
procedural law applicable to the court industrial relations is civil procedural
law that applies to the court environment Justice general unless regulated by special
in Constitution this. Source civil procedural law main applicable for district
court is Het Herziene Indonesia Regulation (HIR) for the Java region as well as
Madura and Retroelement Buitengewesten (RBg) for the outer region Java and
Madura. In the system civil procedural law known with the term forced money
(Dwangsom). In Article 606 a Recht Verordering (RV) that what is meant with
Dwangsom is along the judge 's decision contains punishment for something else
than payment some money then could determine
that along or every time punished no fulfil punishment the by him must handed
over a large amount of money set in judge 's decision.
Draft protection law to affected employee
disconnection connection work and then has restored through decision court
should carried out by the company, however reality not yet could fully
implement, because fulfilment right restored workers depend on companies that
comply decision court.
Termination connection work said
legitimate along in accordance with provision the law that governs it even
including disconnection connection work by entrepreneurs. Reason for
termination connection work by entrepreneur can conducted with 2 (two) ways
that is excuses that are allowed and reasons that are not allowed. Permissible
reasons when worker to do error light or error adjustable weight Article 163 to
Article 165 of Law no. 13 of 2003 concerning Employment. Reasons not allowed
because the obstacles inside implementation judge 's decision in fulfilment
rights employee caused not yet optimal court because object dispute enter the
private area; lack of awareness law for company for doing results the judge 's
decision powerful law fixed; lack of understanding workers inside fulfilment
his rights based on decision court.