Novel and Rare Vascular Pathology in the Covid-19 Era: Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Severe Respiratory Failure in Patient with Interstitial Pneumonia Download PDF

Journal Name : SunText Review of Virology

DOI : 10.51737/2766-5003.2021.019

Article Type : Case Report

Authors : Weimer LE, Cattari G, Binelli A, Fanales-Belasio E, Piras S and Sensi F

Keywords : Vascular pathology; Compartment syndrome; Sars-Cov-2; Insterstitial pneumonia; Early diagnosis

Abstract

In the emerging 21st century, a devastating new coronavirus, has been identified as the causative agent of acute and atypical cases of pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China. It is a type of highly pathogenic human coronavirus (HCoV) that causes zoonotic diseases and poses a major threat to public health. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple-organ failure occurred rapidly, resulting in death within a short time. Cytokine storm is considered to be one of the major causes of multiple-organ failure. It plays an important role in the process of disease aggravation. With the expanding domain of presentations in COVID-19 patients, the full range of manifestations is yet to unfold. As the pandemic of COVID-19 keeps unfolding, several atypical manifestations of this viral infection have surfaced up. Actually SARS-CoV-2, reveals a novel and rare disorder characterized by endothelial dysfunction and extravasation of fluid from the vascular space to the interstitial space leading to shock, hemoconcentration, hypoalbuminemia, and subsequent organ failure. This novel vascular pathology characterized by extensive capillary, arteriolar and venular thrombosis leading to clinic-pathological manifestations with unusual features, such as early-onset chest pain, pulmonary infarction, and pulmonary and systemic thromboembolism. We report a Rare Case Report of Compartment Syndrome in the right leg Secondary to Severe Respiratory Failure in an Italian patient with Insterstitial Pneumonia caused by Sars-Cov-2.