Article Type : Research Article
Authors : Cortinas JA and Fernandez Conde ME
Keywords : Phytopathogenic fungi; Heroic viticulture; Environment protection; Godello variety
Objective: The aim and objective of this article are to focus on the
importance of the rational use of plant protection products to combat vine
fungi and at the same time reduce their risks to human health and the
environment. The integrated management of fungal diseases aims to achieve the
development of healthy crops with the minimum alteration of agro-ecosystems and
the promotion of natural mechanisms.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out in one vineyard in
Ribeira Sacra (North-West Spain) during 2018. Souto vineyard is located at 438 m
above mean sea level (42° 24´
Results: The Botrytis
Seasonal Spore Integral (SSIn) was markedly higher than for the other pathogens
under consideration. Taking into account the maximum daily values, a clear
dominance of Botrytis spores was also
found, with a maximum of 397 spores/m3 at the beginning of June,
while Erysiphe and Plasmopara were recorded at around 26
and 227 spores/m3, respectively, at the beginning of August and
mid-July. The statistical analysis of the spore concentrations and the main
meteorological variables showed for Erysiphe
that the highest Spearman´s correlation coefficient corresponded to the
relative humidity, as for Plasmopara
airborne sporangia, but with a negative sign, while for Botrytis spores, was average temperature.
Conclusion: The use of plant protection products can be much
more effective if fungicides are applied at the right time, at the precise doses
and combined with agricultural techniques of management of the vineyards. There
are sustainable and profitable alternatives that can improve vine yields while
protecting the environment in areas of heroic viticulture where the vineyard,
is a fundamental element of the wine-growing landscape, combining as it does
historical, cultural and landscape characteristics.